2008年《上外杯》上海市高三英语竞赛攻略（一）

　　2008年《上外杯》上海市高三英语竞赛攻略（一）

　　为提高中学生学习英语的兴趣，提高英语综合运用能力，重视创新精神和实践能力的培养，原举办了10多年的“《海文杯》上海市高三英语竞赛”，今年将由上海市教委教研室、上海外国语大学、《上海学生英文报》、上海海文音像出版社联合主办，并正式更名为：“2008年《上外杯》上海市高三英语竞赛”。本期我们结合07年竞赛试题进行评析和展望，复赛和决赛环节攻略将陆续刊登，尽请关注。

　　2008年初赛试卷分为三大部分：

　　第一部分：Grammar and Vocabulary

　　该部分主要考察高中阶段课程标准要求掌握的语法点和词汇。语法点包括易混淆的冠词、代词等的用法；名词的可数和不可数；介词的常见搭配；形容词的比较级和最高级；动词后面是接不定式还是-ing分词；动词不定式、-ing分词和-ed分词的用法；情态动词的用法；虚拟语气的各种形式。另外还要注意一些较复杂或特殊的句型，如倒装句、强调句、反意疑问句等。词汇部分主要考察动词搭配、词义辨析、习惯用法，考察的词汇有一定的延展性和难度。

　　例1：On the whole, the time ___________ the students devote to the games in the Internet cafes without doubt has a great effect on the study in the school.

　　A. in which B. on which C. when D. that (2007年试题)

　　[评析]这句的主句是the time without doubt has a great effect on the study in the school,从句the students devote to the games in the Internet cafes是用来修饰the time的定语从句，至于选择哪个关系代词还是关系副词来作引导词，还是要看这个词在从句中的作用。它在从句中是作devote的宾语，可见这是个关系代词，只有that可用，D是正确选项。

　　例2：It was at that moment ___________ he realized ___________ serious trouble he had got in.

　　A. when, what B. then, how C. before, that D. that, what (2007年试题)

　　[评析]首先这是一个强调句，所以第一空选that就没什么问题了。至于后面的问题，只要抓住它实际修饰的是trouble而不是serious，那么就知道该用的是what，结合两者，D是正确选项。

　　例3：In fact this city is not ___________ .

　　A. worth being visited B. worthy visit

　　C. worthy of visiting D. worth visiting (2007年试题)

　　[评析]这题考的是两个形义相近的词worth和worthy的用法。worth和worthy的用法差别很大，通常的结构是be worth doing和be worthy of being done。在上面的句子中，正确的表达应为be worth visiting或be worthy of being visited，因此D是正确选项。

　　例4：You should always ___________ the plates with clean water after you have washed them.

　　A. soak B. splash C. rinse D. damp (2007年试题)

　　[评析]这是一道词汇题，可能选项中的个别词汇是你不熟悉的。但我们仍然可以用排除的方法来推测最有可能的答案。这里所缺的显然是一个动词。我们可能都知道damp当形容词用是“潮湿的”意思，当它用作动词时，可推断它的意思应该是“使……潮湿”，显然不合题意。splash是“飞溅”的意思，soak是“浸泡”的意思，在逻辑上不合理。即使你不知道rinse是“漂洗”的意思，也可以放心大胆地选它了。

　　第二部分：Cloze

　　该主要考察选择符合上下文语境的名词、动词以及各种惯用搭配

　　[例]…Adults seldom _____1______ events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children earlier than three or four _____2______ retain any specific, personal experiences. (2007年试题)

　　1. A. recall B. resolve C. involve D. interpret

　　2. A. merely B. really C. largely D. rarely

　　[评析]第1题考的是词汇，如果我们能基本了解这四个选项单词的意思，做这个题是不会有很大困难的。recall(回忆，回想)，resolve(决心；解决), involve(包括), interpret(解释，说明)中，我们选择A。

　　第二题是逻辑判断题，just as这个连词说明前后两句的情况是用来类比的，而前一句中有seldom，说明了后一句中基本上也应该是否定的意思，因此我们选择有否定意义的D(rarely)。

　　[模拟练习]

　　The little boy entered the house, ____1___. His mother was making cookies in the kitchen. She smiled as she turned around but stopped when she saw his face.“Tyler, what happened? Is everything okay?”

　　“Nothing is okay, mom,”said the boy.“Today, in the ____2___ lesson, Mrs. Green was talking about the environment. She said that our world is getting dirtier and that many animals and plants are dying. She wants us to think of something we can do to help. I thought all the way home, but there is nothing I can do to make a ____3___”.

　　“Let me tell you a story,”the mother said after thinking for a while.“One morning a man was walking down a ____4___ that was covered in thousands of dying starfish. They had been washed up on shore by the strong ____5___, and it was too far up for them to make it back by themselves. The man shook his head as he trudged along thinking what a shame it was that all of those starfish would die on the beach.”

　　The mother went on, taking the cookies out of the oven,“He came ____6___ a boy who was throwing starfish back into the ocean as fast as he could. He was out of breath and it was ____7___ that he had been at this task for a while.‘Son,’the man said,‘you might as well（还不如）quit. There are thousands of them. There is ____8___ way you can make any sort of a difference.’The boy did not even pause. He kept bending and throwing but as he did, he responded,‘I can make a difference to this one, and this one, and this one.’____9___ for a moment, the man began to help return the starfish to their home, smiling at how life’s biggest lessons sometimes came from the ____10___ people.”

　　1. A. happy

　　B. excited

　　C. tired

　　D. depressed

　　2. A. Maths

　　B. P. E.

　　C. Science

　　D. History

　　3. A. decision

　　B. difference

　　C. change

　　D. plan

　　4. A. pond

　　B. river

　　C. beach

　　D. bank

　　5. A. tide

　　B. wind

　　C. sea

　　D. rain

　　6. A. into

　　B. with

　　C. upon

　　D. to

　　7. A. possible

　　B. obvious

　　C. necessary

　　D. important

　　8. A. some

　　B. any

　　C. a

　　D. no

　　9. A. Surprised

　　B. Satisfied

　　C. Interested

　　D. Excited

　　10. A. smartest

　　B. oldest

　　C. biggest

　　D. smallest

　　[参考答案]

　　1—5 D C B C A 6—10 C B D A D

　　第三部分Reading Comprehension

　　题材内容广泛，涉及到应用文、自然、历史、科技、文化、医疗、教育、娱乐等各种领域。有一定量的新词和难词。阅读理解无捷径可走，主要靠平时的积累。同学们应注意平时有的放矢地阅读语言标准、信息量大又有趣味的材料，如各种外文报刊和图书。

　　[模拟练习] The music of the 18th century composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is probably admired more than any other classical composer. Today, 207 years after his death, Mozart’s name is in newspaper headlines: such as the debate over whether listening to the composer’s music makes children smarter, dubbed the“Mozart effect”—or reports on the highly popular“mostly Mozart”festivals, which originated in New York—and have been widely copied in other cities.

　　Born in Salzburg, Austria in 1756, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a child prodigy, who learned to play the harpsichord and violin from his father, Leopold, himself an accomplished musician. Young Wolfgang began composing music at the age of five, and by 13, he had written symphonies and concertos. Mozart wrote his first opera, Idomeneo when he was 25. The range of Mozart’s work includes 41 symphonies and 27 piano concertos, as well as such great operas as“the Marriage of Figaro”and“Don Giovanni.”Often struggling to win financial support from patrons, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart died at the age of 35 and was buried in a pauper’s grave. Yet his musical influence remains strong today.

　　Choose the best answer.

　　1. According to the passage, what does“Mozart effect”mean?
　　A. The influence of Mozart on the modern life.
　　B. The influence of music on the modern life.
　　C. Listening to Mozart’s music can make children smarter.
　　D. Listening to music can make children smarter.

　　2. Which of the following is true of the so-called“Mostly Mozart”festivals?
　　A. They were initiated to celebrate the birthday of Mozart.
　　B. They were initiated in memory of Mozart.
　　C. They originated in New York.
　　D. They are popular only in some limited areas.

　　3. Which f the following is NOT true of Mozart?
　　A. He was very smart as a boy.
　　B. He learned to play the piano from his father.
　　C. His father was ordinary music teacher.
　　D. He composed his first piece of music at five.

　　4. Mozart wrote his first opera ______.
　　A. when he was 13
　　B. in 1781
　　C. when he was 24
　　D. at the age of 35

　　[参考答案] 1. C 2. C 3. C 4. B